Can substitute plain rice vinegar for black rice vinegar (available in Asian markets), but I prefer the latter for its fruity, salty complexity. If you prefer, roasted unsalted cashews over peanuts, substitute an equal amount. Do not eat the whole chiles in the finished dish.
1 lb extra-large shrimp (21 to 25 count, peeled and deveined
1 Tablespoon dry sherry or rice wine
2 teaspoons soy sauce
3 medium garlic cloves, pressed through garlic press or minced (about 1 Tablespoon)
1 piece (½ inch) fresh ginger, peeled and minced (about 2 teaspoons)
3 Tablespoons peanut for vegetable oil
½ cup roasted unsalted peanuts
6 small whole dried red chiles (about 1 ¾ to 2 inches long each), 3 chiles roughly crumbled or 1 teaspoon dried red pepper flakes
¾ cup canned low-sodium chicken broth
2 teaspoons black rice vinegar or plain rice vinegar
2 teaspoons Asian sesame oil
1 Tablespoon oyster-flavored sauce
1 Tablespoon hoisin sauce
1 ½ teaspoons cornstarch
1 medium red bell pepper, cut into ½ inch dice
3 medium scallions, sliced thin
Toss shrimp with sherry and soy sauce in medium bowl; marinate until shrimp have absorbed flavors, about 10 minutes. Mix garlic, ginger, and 1 Tablespoon oil in small bowl; set aside. Combine peanuts and chiles in small bowl; set aside. Mix chicken broth, vinegar, sesame oil, oyster-flavored sauce, hoisin sauce and cornstarch in a small bowl or measuring cup; set aside.
Heat 1 Tablespoon oil in 12-inch skillet over high heat until just beginning to smoke. Add shrimp and cook, stirring about once every 10 seconds, until barely opaque, 30 to 40 seconds. Add peanuts and chiles, stir into shrimp, and continue cooking until shrimp are almost completely opaque and peanuts have darkened slightly; 30-40 seconds longer. Transfer shrimp, peanuts and chiles to bowl and set aside. Return skillet to burner and reheat briefly; 15-30 seconds. Add remaining 1 tablespoon oil, swirl to coat pan, and add red bell pepper. Cook, stirring occasionally, until slightly softened; about 45 seconds. Clear center of pan, add garlic-ginger mixture, mash into pan with spoon or spatula and cook until fragrant; 10-15 seconds; stir into peppers until combined.
Stir broth mixture to recombine, then add to skillet along with reserved shrimp, peanuts, and chiles; cook, stirring and scraping up brown bits on bottom of pan, until sauce has thickened to syrupy consistency, about 45 seconds. Stir in scallions; transfer to serving plate and serve immediately.